pg.582 1 and 2

#1

Plebiscite: Procedure used to submit the constitution of a new government to the people for a yes-or-no vote.

Nationalism: Love of one’s country rather than of one’s native region.

Scorched-earth policy: Tactic of burning or destroying crops and anything else of value to an invading army.

#2

 Napoleonic Code: System of French law under Napoleon’s direction.

Concordat: Agreement between Napoleon and the pope recognizing Catholism as the religion of most French citrizens.

 Hatatio Nelson: Leader of a British fleet which defeated a combined French and Spanish fleet off the coast of Spain.

 Duke of Wellington: leader of an army sent by the British to help Spain and the Portuguese pople rise up against the French. The war was called the Peninsula war.

both #4 questions

PG.522 #4.The Ntional Convention. Delegates were elected to go to the convention by the universal manhood suffrage The National Convention brought Louis XVI to trial, in which they charged him for plotting against the security of the nation. He was found guilty and sentenced to Death. They killed him with a guillotine. That changed France alot.  The Reign of Terror ” It is necessary that we annihilate both internal and external enemies os the republic or perish with its fall”. The Revolutionary Tribunal punished the enemies of the Republic and sometimes exectued peopple who were suspected of counterrevolution. The Jacobins directed the Reign of Terror not only against the nobility but anyone suspected of disloyalty. If someone said something bad about loyalty or if they THOUGHT they were looking at them wrong or something  they would be a victim of the Reign of Terror.  After the French army had gained the advantage in the war against foreign troopers and with the Republic out of Danger, Danton said that the Reign of Terror met its goal and that it should be relaxed,Anton and his followers were then killed because Robespierre and acuused themn od disloyalty. After Robespierre was arrested  and guillioned, the Reign of Terror came to an end, the Jacobins lost power, the Wealthy middle class took control of the National Convention. Napoleon went to militarty school in France. He had great organizational skills and was good at managing both political and militar affairs. Napoleon had an ability to move his troops rapidly  to the most critical points on the battlefield. Napoleon proved his ability in Italy[ when he went   with the French army, fighting against the Austrians in Italy]. The French army there was weak and poorly equipped but Napoleon  improved everything for the troops gaining their support. Napoleon  forced the Sardinians to make peace and he went to defeat the Austrians 4 times, Napoleon forced the Austrians to sign a treaty that gave France control of all northern Italy/ Napoleon continued to make new conquests and  proposed attacking the Bristish. The Directory quickly agreed as that would get him out of Paris. Napoleon began winning victories but it ended a disaster! Napoleon left his army to take care of himself and returned to France where he was a “hero”. Napoleon left out the truth and exaggerated over his victories.pg.528Napoleon’s achievements through 1804 consist of him becoming dictator.  He also made a new constitution that respected many of France’s previous ways of living.  He also organized the Napoleonic Code which was a French law system.  He also established a Bank of France, high schools, universities and technical schools.  He also ended the feud between France and the Holy Roman Empire.   Lastly Napoleon and his wife becoming Emperor and Empress of France. b. Napoleon established an empire by dominating Europe.  He forced countries to sign peace treaties, made alliances with others and made sure that he was on everyones good side.  He also unified countries together.  The only bad thing was that Great Britain was not liking one bit of this and they decided that they needed to do something about it.  c. Napoleon was finally defeated by the British and their Prussian allies at Waterloo.  Napoleon then gave up the throne and the Bourbon monarchs once again took power. 

opinions?

4 anyone who sees this what do u think is the guitar hero banner ok or do i change it to halo?

 

La Marseillaise (this song sould be in guitar hero IV)

The people say that if they loose people that new one can  come and that they need to fight for their rights and just fight. This song is in the national anthem because it describes what the french people went through during that time. This song demonsttrates what the french felt at that time and what they wanted to do to show how they felt, they wanted to fight for their rights. This song is about the french people doing whatever they had to, if pople died well they died fighting. this song is disturbing but would be fun to hear from a 5 year old.

17 thinger magigs

1.men must always have equal rights

2.pollitition are there to protect our rights

3.you cant have authority unless stated by the govenment

 4.liberty lets you do anything but violate some one elses rights

5.law can only protect us from harm

6. any one is allowed to join the law and must look at all people the same

7.as long as you dont commit a crime you cant be arrested

8.punishment is given depending on crime that has been commited

9.you must have a trial before being put in jail

10.religion sould not effect if you are guity or not

11.you have a freedom of speech

12.military is there to protect the citizens and nothing else

13.there must be taxes but depending on your income

14.its taxation with reprintation

15.Everyone has the right to have access to the administration

16.If the society has no law or separation of powers then it has no constitution

17.No one can be deprived of property and everyone has the right to their own property 

John Locke

Throughout his life he tried to clarify two questions.  One, where we get our ideas from, and two, whether we can rely on what our senses tell us.  He thought that we get all of our ideas from our senses, that before anything is thought over it is empty.  He also thought that the only sensations that we could perceive were simple sensations.Something that was secondary were sensations like color, smell, taste, sound.  Locke also agreed that reality has certain qualities that are more understandable than others.  He also was the first to advocate the principle of division of powers, the power of the state is divided between different institutions.

pg.489

1. Hebeas corpus: Legal right protecting individuals from arbitary arrest and imprisoning.

2. Cabinet: Heads of government departments who advice the head of state.

3. Prime minister: Head of government in Great Britain.

4.Limited Constitutional Monarchy: Government in which  the monarch remains head of the state, but the king or queen is required to consult parliment.

2.

1. Restoration: When English monarchy was restored.

2. Tories: A party. First, it was used as an insult (tory) which meant an outlaw. Tories supported the Anglican church.

3. Whigs: A party. Also used an an insult first (whig) which meant horse thief. Later applied to Scottish Presbyterians. Had the right to deny  the throne to James.

4. James II: Catholic brother of Charles II. In 1685 he came to throne after charles II died. He was humorless and less flexible than Charles.

5. William III: joint rulers with Mary II. Opponent of James II. 

6.Mary II: joint rulers with William III. Opponent of James II.

7. Glorious revolution: A bloodless  transfer of power in the English monarchy. Was brought by the opponents of James II, Mary II and William III.

8. Thomas Hobbes: English Philosopher.He outlined his political Philosophy.  He believed that having absolute monarchy was better than constitutional monarchy.

9. Jhon Locke: English Philosopher. He disagreed with Hobbes when it came to monarchies. Locke believed having constitutional monarchy is better than having absolute Monarchy.

10.English Bill of rights:  Declared that Parliment would choose who ruled the country. The ruler would be subject to parlimentary laws and could nor proclaim or suspend any law. The ruler could not impose taxes or maintain  an army in peacetime without Parliment’s constent.

11.Toleration Act: Act of a British Parliment granting some religious freedoms to non-Anglican Protestants.

4. a. The Tories believed James had hereditary right to rule. They supported Anglican Church.  They were willing to accept a Catholic riler. The Whigs claimed the right to deny the throne to James. They wanted a strong Parliment and opposed having a Catholic ruler.

b. Protestants would get frightened if the king wanted to help Catholics.

c. The social contract gave the leader  absolute power. Hobbes agreed with this, though Locke accepted the idea of it, he believed that people had given up only some of their individual rights.

Locke and Hobbes’ view of the monarchy

locke thinks a king in a settled kingdom will eventually become a tyrant. He feels as though they can do whatever they want to do and he has no say over it. Once the law ends and tyranny begins ,he feels as though they can do whatever they want to do and no one has no say over it. When there is a monarchy he feels no sense of privacy in his own home. He thinks that we should be against force and violence and people should have control over what happens to them, not a ruler saying what they should do.

hobbes thinks when one becomes wiser than the other, there are fights for their wise ness. He said that monarchies can’t last long by only standing on their defense. They invade for gain, safety, and reputation. Monarchies fight because of competition, difference and glory. They would be in war against one another for many things . For the first use of violence, they would use things like their wives, their children, and weapons to be the master of themselves . In a monarchy, when one person has something another person doesn’t, they become enemies and they fight for what they don’t have. In a monarchy, there is always constant fighting. A man is only happy when they have what they want, and they will fight who over takes what they want .

Mid term Essay

Ruy Guerrero

p.4

12/20/07

 

Midterm Essay

 

The Vikings and the Romans different cultures. They had different of getting food, communicating with each other, how they organized there society, how they made new technology, how was their military set, and how they viewed the world. These differences are what made them different from each other and making them so successful.

Both the Vikings and the Romans had differences in the way they got food. Of course without food they would die. The Romans were farmers they grew crop and kept livestock live cattle. The Vikings were some what different some of them did farm but others were nomadic they would find food and then eat it. They also established trading for things.

Romans had a different way of communicating with each other than the Vikings. The Romans got there language from the Greeks that is why there are so many similarities. The Vikings borrowed words from the German, English, French, and Sweden. They end up with Danish as their language. As for the Alphabet they started with 6 letters and later as they explored added more.Vikings organized there society differently than the Romans. The Vikings were big on the government thing. They lived in tribal communities and their economy depended on the sailors, and farmers. The Romans had very powerful kings which were very wealthy. The economy was split into two the poor and the rich.  

Romans way of getting new technology was different from the Vikings way of getting it. The Vikings made long ships which were great for open seas also it helped the trade. The Romans made many things roads, temples, arches, etc. the arches were a great invention because it was very stable.

Military was different in both cultures. They both fought for territory and for what they believed were theirs. The Romans were able to defeat armies much larger than themselves. The reason for this is for there great weapons for offence and defense. The Vikings did not have a military as good as the Romans but it was still good. The Vikings had a good offence but not such a good defense.

            Both the Vikings and the Romans had different religion beliefs and how they saw the world. The Romans believed in Buddhism but when Jesus Christ was born they believed in Christianity. They were monotheistic which means they believed in one god. The Vikings how ever were polytheistic which means they believe in many gods. They believed in the Norse God which they got from the Greek and the Roman Gods.

            Therefore, The Vikings and the Romans different cultures. They had different of getting food, communicating with each other, how they organized there society, how they made new technology, how was their military set, and how they viewed the world. These differences are what made them different from each other and making them so successful.

questians 4 page 165-187

St. Augustine Christianized Plato by saying that there was no real contradiction between Christianity and the philosophy of Plato and Thomas Aquinas Christianized Aristotle by trying to make Aristotle’s philosophy compatible with Christianity